Your Hormones Explained. Simply.

The Hot Flush Files
17 June 2026 · 2mins · Edited by Dr Natasha Andreadis

UnPause Medical Doctor | Gynaecologist, Fertility Specialist & Reproductive Endocrinologist | MBBS MMED FRANZCOG CREI INHC

Hormones are your body's messengers. Right now, they're sending some mixed signals. Here's the simple version of who's who in the menopause zoo.

Estrogen: the multitasker

Estrogen's the queen bee—running your periods, keeping your skin plump, and helping your brain stay sharp. In perimenopause, she starts flaking out—sometimes high, sometimes low—causing hot flushes, mood swings, and that foggy head. When she's gone for good, your bones and heart need extra TLC.

Progesterone: the chill pill

This one's your calm-down hormone. It balances estrogen, helps you sleep, and keeps your womb in check. As it dips, you might feel wired, anxious, or wake up at stupid o'clock.

Testosterone: the fire starter

Yep, women have it too! It fuels energy, muscle strength, and that frisky feeling. When it drops, your get-up-and-go gets up and leaves, and your libido might ghost you.

Cortisol: the stress mess

Not a sex hormone, but a big player. Made by your adrenals, cortisol spikes with stress—and menopause loves to crank it up. Too much means more belly fat, crap sleep, and a shorter fuse.

How they work together

These hormones are like a finely tuned quartet — when they're in sync, you hum along with energy, focus, and emotional balance. But in perimenopause, the harmony starts to wobble.

Estrogen and progesterone usually work as a pair: estrogen energises, while progesterone soothes. When estrogen spikes erratically (as it often does in perimenopause) and progesterone quietly declines, you get all the heat, tension and emotional whiplash with none of the calm.

Meanwhile, testosterone — your quiet achiever — adds spark, strength and sex drive, but it also tapers off, leaving you flatter and more fatigued. Then cortisol joins the chaos: when stress is high and sleep is low, this hormone floods your system, throwing your metabolism, mood, and patience completely off balance.

This new hormonal interplay hits your whole system. Understanding it means you can fight back with diet, exercise, or even MHT if it's your vibe.

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